Verifying the science you read can be tricky. After reading a scientific publication, check the underlying assumptions and look for internal consistencies. Look up references and studies the publication was based on. Talk to a scientist in a relevant field for more verification and clarification. Save yourself a lot of time and energy by choosing only high-quality sources published by peer-reviewed journals, governments, and trustworthy nonprofits.

EditSteps

EditChecking the Sources

1. Take note of verifiable facts as you read. Whether the science you read is an article, book, or web page, read the text in its entirety. As you read, pay attention to details. Write down or make a mental note of things that are confusing or unclear. Use a highlighter or pen to underline, circle, or highlight facts that can be verified.^[1]
   
   • Verifiable facts are those which are based in objective reality rather than on opinion, conjecture, or unfounded belief.
2. Consult referenced data. All verifiable science relies on the work of other scientists to establish its credibility and inspire further studies. One way to verify the science you read is to follow up on the information provided in the study’s footnotes. Check referenced sources to ensure that their conclusions and statistics match those presented in the science literature you’re attempting to verify.^[2]
   
   • If you’re reading science in a popular publication, sources will be cited in the text rather than in footnotes or endnotes.
   • Non-specialized sources should describe specific studies but might not refer to published peer-reviewed article by name. They might also refer to certain scientists or authors, or to the titles of scientific journals where relevant publications appeared. Use this information to track down more information whenever possible.
3. Talk to a scientist. If you’re confused about the science you read, contact a relevant scientist to help you verify it. For instance, if you wish to verify an astronomical report you read, you could contact an astronomer. If you wish to verify a physics issue, contact a physics professor.^[3]
   
   • When you’ve discovered someone to help you verify the science you read, contact them and pose your question. Always be polite and professional when communicating with professional scientists.
   • Preferably, you will contact more than one expert in the field of the science you read. This will give you a range of opinions regarding whether the science you read is accurate.

EditTaking a Second, Careful Look

1. Look at declarative statements. If you read science that has lots of declarative statements (for instance, “It is large”) and is low on quantifiable (numbers-based) data, steer clear. Verifiable science will utilize specific numbers, measurements, and sizes when reporting results.^[4]
   
2. Check the terms used. Look out for vague or imprecise language. Likewise, avoid science that uses common scientific terms in a novel way. Verifiable science will use terms that other scientists in the field would readily understand.^[5]
   
   • For instance, if the science you read says, “The heart-consciousness will heal you when you are ready,” you can safely discount it, since there is no “heart-consciousness” known to heal the human body.
3. Beware of facts that are stated absolutely. Many scientific questions are settled and have been for many years. For instance, the science you read might contain clear and categorical explanations regarding why the stars shine or why trees grow. However, some scientific questions are still open to exploration, and the answers are less clear. If the science you read contains facts stated absolutely with little or no corroborating research behind them, you should consider that a red flag.^[6]
   
   • For instance, the scientific understanding of why we dream remains imperfect. So if the science you read states, “This is why we dream,” instead of a more cautious statement like, “This may be why we dream” or “This could be why we dream,” be wary.
4. Look for internal inconsistencies. If the science you read has charts and statistics that do not jive with the conclusions drawn by the author, you can discount the publication as flawed. Likewise, if the science you read has two conclusions which are at odds, or two data points that contradict each other, the science should be considered untrustworthy.^[7]
   

EditConfirming the Information Elsewhere

1. Choose trusted publications. High-quality science might come from trusted governments, universities, individuals, peer-reviewed journals, and some nonprofit organizations. When checking a book or article for quality, it should be written by someone with significant experience in their scientific field. If you’re reading a scientific article or textbook, the scientist who authored it should have a PhD and long experience at a university or research institution.^[8]
   
   • Lay publications will, of course, likely be written by someone without a PhD. The author might even be a student. If the lay publication is trusted, you may consider it a reliable source.
   • Choosing high-quality sources means someone has already verified the science for you before you read it.
2. Only use sources which are free of apparent bias. Poor quality sources are those which have a vested interest in the scientific results or data they are verifying or refuting. For instance, if you read science produced by a fossil fuel company regarding the polluting impact of their products, the company is producing scientific research which could directly impact its fortunes. In such a situation, you should be skeptical of the data.^[9]
   
   • Good sources will provide a high degree of transparency, and include disclaimers regarding funding sources. They will also name all participants in the scientific research.
3. Compare the science you read to other publications on the subject. One way to verify the science you read is to check it against other sources on the topic. After reading a scientific article or publication, look the topic up in an encyclopedia or another trusted text. This way, you will learn what the consensus view on the subject is.^[10]
   
   • Comparing the science you read against many other publications will help you determine whether the science you read is consistent with mainstream scientific thought.

EditSources and Citations

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Science papers are written in the field of science and are used to communicate important scientific information to an audience. Science papers present analysis and interpretation of data and ideas concerning a particular scientific topic or area of study. Science papers are of different types and some of them include science essays, science term paper, science research papers, science thesis and science dissertations among others. Good science papers should have a good topic, an introduction part containing a thesis statement, a body containing an argument and evidence supporting the argument and a conclusion that summarizes the papers by restating the main points. Writing any of the science papers is not an easy task as students encounter various problems while writing these science papers. One of the problems encountered has to do with topic selection. Science papers should be written on topics that are relevant, specific and focused. Broad topic will be cumbersome or in many occasion unrealistic to comprehensively cover within the context of the paper. Students sometime find themselves with too much too write as a result of choosing a broad topic or with too little to write as a result of choosing a very narrow topic. The second prominent problem encountered by students when writing science papers is failure to connect the thesis statement with the content of the science papers. The thesis statement informs the reader about the argument you are going to make in the paper and the content of the body of your paper should go into supporting your thesis statement. Many students fail to link the argument in the body of their science papers with the thesis statement making the paper to loose direction. The third problem encountered is inability to support the argument of your paper with adequate evidence. Writing science papers require conducting of thorough research that will enable you to gather enough information which is relevant to the topi c of study. Students sometime lack the skills for conducting research and also lack the relevant research materials to enable them collect information to adequately support their arguments. Writing good science papers requires one to substantiate assertions made inside the papers failure to which the argument will be rendered vague. Another problem encountered in writing science papers is poor document formatting. Like any other academic papers science papers follow standard styles of document formatting. These styles may differ depending on the institution of learning and the instructor's direction. Many students are unfamiliar with the various style of document formatting making them have problem when asked to write using a certain style. Students also encounter problems during referencing and making citations in their science papers. Citations and references must be well included in the science papers or otherwise it would result to plagiarism. Writing good science papers takes time, effort and proper planning. However students do not have enough time to concentrate on writing good science paper and often require help in writing. We are a custom writing company that specializes in providing science papers writing services to students. Our papers are written by professional in the science field who provide quality writing services to students of all academic levels. Our writers are proficient in the English language and are capable of writing using the correct grammar, punctuation, spelling and the correct style of formatting. Our science papers are also 100 percent original and plagiarism free.

We’re sure most people have put a packet of Mentos in Diet Coke and enjoyed the ensuing carnage by this point. But in terms of science experiments you can do at home, that’s just the tip of the iceberg.

If you like watching weird and wacky science experiments, YouTube is a treasure trove of content. With that in mind, here are the best YouTube channels full of people doing madcap science experiments.

1. Doctor Mad Science

Have you ever wondered what happens if you put a grape in the microwave? Or what happens if you combine milk and soap? Doctor Mad Science has the answers.

A 15-year-old autistic boy called Jordan hosts the channel. Impressively, in addition to hosting, Jordan also records and edits all of the content.

His channel is filled with science experiments that use household products, meaning anyone can try them in their own home. Just make sure you take appropriate safety measures before starting!

2. Brusspup

The Brusspup channel goes in a different direction. It explores the boundaries between science and amazing optical illusions.

If you subscribe, you can look forward to finding out what happens when UV light hits sand or how to control magnets using static electricity.

One of the channel’s most popular videos (with almost 30 million views) is “10 Amazing Paper Tricks”. It’s impressive stuff, so make sure you check it out.

3. Whizz Kid Science

Whizz Kid Science is another channel that’s hosted by a child. The presenter is 13, but he often ropes in his younger brother and sister in be part of whatever experiment he is conducting.

Some of the channel’s most-watched videos include “Five Amazing Egg Experiments” and “Top Seven Colorful Experiments”.

The Whizz Kid Science channel also features a handful of how-to videos that straddle the divide between science and children’s activities. Examples include “How to Make Chocolate Slime” and “Glow Stick Hacks for Kids”.

Note: The same child is also responsible for the excellent Whizz Kid Math and Whizz Kid Play channels.

4. Incredible Science

Kids love a fad. It doesn’t matter how old you are; you’ll definitely be able to recall something from your childhood that everyone badly wanted then quickly got bored with (Tamagotchi, anyone?).

The Incredible Science channel aims to put those fad products to good use by extrapolating science lessons from them. We had no idea that a fidget spinner could be such a great learning tool.

There are also plenty of other experiments that don’t use toys. The most viewed video investigates the weird science behind polymer balls. At the time of writing it has been viewed more than 70 million times.

5. MC Experiments

If you have kids, the kitchen is a fantastic place to do science. There are so many things that you can combine to learn more about the world.

The MC Experiments channel takes the kitchen idea and runs with it. All the experiments on the channel are kid-friendly and can be performed using items that most families will have lying around.

Bouncing eggs, lava in a cup, and fun with food coloring—the channel has it all.

6. The Quirkles

The Quirkles is a 26-book science series for kids. Each book featured a different imaginary scientist who takes the reader on a journey through the subject matter. The YouTube channel is a spinoff from the book series.

It differs from the other channels on this list thanks to its focus on seasonal science. You’ll see experiments geared towards the time of year, but also towards events such as Halloween and Valentine’s Day.

7. Sick Science

Sick Science is the brainchild of Steve Spangler. Steve is an American TV personality, science teacher, toy designer, and author, meaning he’s well-placed to perform some entertaining weird and wacky science experiments.

Some of his most fun videos include “Liquid Light”, “Exploding Egg”, and “Make Your Own Lightsaber”.

Unfortunately, Spangler is slow to release new videos, so you can expect just a couple per year. Nonetheless, the back catalog is impressive enough.

8. The Spangler Effect

The clue is in the name. The Spangler Effect is Steve Spangler’s second YouTube channel. Thankfully, this one receives new content far more frequently—you’ll get at least eight new videos every month.

The content is broadly similar to Sick Science. If you want to see fire tornadoes, fizzy reaction contests, colorful convection currents, and magnetic slime, this is the channel for you.

The most viewed video on the channel is an experiment that shows you how it’s possible to unlock a car using nothing more than water. It has racked up 4.2 million views and counting.

9. The Backyard Scientist

It’s fair to say that The Backyard Scientist channel should come with a giant “Do Not Try This at Home” warning.

But, while the channel’s videos might be somewhat dangerous, they’re also packed with incredible science and wild experiments.

Honestly, we’d never given a thought to what happens when you pour molten aluminum into a watermelon before, but now we’re glad we know.

Other examples of what to expect include putting molten salt into water, what happens if you microwave a microwave, and whether someone can escape a human-sized glue trap.

10. Applied Science

Our final recommendation is Applied Science. It’s slightly less wacky than some of the other channels on this list, but the experiments are still fun and will teach you a lot.

If you subscribe, you’ll be able to learn what happens if you blow mold over plastic bottles or dissolve lithium in anhydrous ammonia. The channel’s most popular video looks at how to make a refrigerator work using rubber bands.

There are even some videos for foodies (which you can watch when you run out of Netflix documentaries for foodies). You can find out how a potato chip reacts if you fry it in Fluorinert FC-40 or how to make chocolate whip using high-pressure nitrous oxide.

Improve Your Scientific Knowledge Further

These channels will hopefully inspire you to get more involved with science. And they’re a reminder that science doesn’t have to be dry and boring.

If you’d like to further your scientific knowledge, the internet is a fantastic resource. To learn more, check out our articles listing apps that explain complex science topics and sites to keep abreast of the latest science news.

Read the full article: The 10 Best YouTube Channels for Wacky Science Experiments

Physical science is often referred to as the science that deals with the properties of energy in matter that is non-living. Physical science also deals greatly with how man can harness the natural energy found on the earth to live more comfortable. You may be able to peak your child's interest in physical science by letting them know that things like the lights in the house, the microwave and the TV are all possible because of the discoveries of physical scientists.

It is easy to get your child to be more involved in physical science. Many of us participate in some aspect of physical science without even thinking about it. For example, the forces of gravity (an element of physical science) allow you to spend the night sleeping comfortably in your bed. Was it not for gravity you may not be able to sleep because you would be floating all over the room and bumping into the walls. Likewise, experiments with gravity and other forces need little preparation. An example would be dropping various objects from a tall place and observing how quickly each one fell. Or perhaps if you want to increase the level of difficulty, you can explore why it is that a bridge or an arch can remain standing when it seems like there is no center support. The possibilities are endless!

Below are some very broad categories that are usually grouped in the category of physical science. This list is not inclusive. There are no official rules dictating what is and is not a part of physical science. The following examples are also very narrowly defined and are actually much more involved than you may think.

Astronomy - Astronomy is the study of the universe beyond the atmosphere of the Earth (right where those who study earth science might stop)Chemistry - Chemistry is the science dealing with the composition of substances. Chemistry also looks at what kind of reactions will occur when different substances are combined.Physics - Physics is defined as a quantitative science that deals with matter and energy. Concepts of force, reaction, and occurrences such as gravity are just a few of the topics that physics examines.

Physical science also has a great deal of overlap with earth science as the study of the land (Geology) and the study of the sea (oceanography) are both properties of physical science. This may be important to remember when you are showing your kids properties of physical science and are having a hard time convincing them that science is everywhere. There is science in the very air that we breathe!

Many of the greatest scientists in history such as Albert Einstein and Isaac Newton were physical scientists. Consequently, many of the modern conveniences that we enjoy and sometime take for granted are the result of science experiments done by physical scientists. For example, without the ingenuity of physical scientists we would no have learned how to harness electricity or magnetic energy. You would have to go about your day very differently if you did not have a physical scientist who came before you to invent and discover the tools that we use every day.

You do not have to be an apprentice of Albert Einstein to be able to learn about concept in physical science. Anyone with an interest in the physical sciences is free to experiment on the possibilities of the world around them. You may be wondering, "How do I start learning about physical science?" or "What types of physical science projects can I do at home?"

No matter what the science activity get started now. Engage your child in the world around them and watch them grow.

Writing of science term papers is common evaluation activity done by all students that study science at any academic level. Science is an ever evolving and developing subject that is so extensive. Therefore, any scientific academic writing requires an extensive research that can facilitate proper quality writing. Today's busy study environment presents students with multiple social and co-curricular activities as well as multiple academic assignments that may prove difficult to accomplish. Science papers may consume much of the assignment time of a student, especially; if the student is not well versed with the writing of various parts that constitute a science paper. A science term paper is usually 8 to 10 pages in length, but this may vary depending on the instructor's specifications. In order to write quality science papers, a student should follow these guidelines that define the various parts of a science term paper. The writing of science papers should begin with a t itle page that details the name of the author and instructor as well as the science course or unit and the date of submission. In both the common writing styles of APA and MLA the text should be double-spaced and center aligned. This portion of science papers is followed by the table of contents section. The table of contents lists all the headings, and sub-headings within the whole paper as well as the page numbers of these sections. This part is usually written after the whole paper has been written and outlined. The table of contents is followed by an introductory paragraph that outlines the problem briefly. In this section the author also states the aim of writing the paper and its relevance. This section of science papers makes the reader familiar with the topic and serves to create interest in the readers. The main body comes after the introductory section. The main body of science papers should be the longest section because it is made of various sections and sub-sect ions. Each section within science papers should have its own main point stated and well elucidated as the author develops his/her argument or presents the necessary information. The argument within the science papers has to be developed in a coherent and intelligible manner that can be easily understood by the readers of the work. Facts and statements derived from secondary sources should be substantiated through the use of in-text citations that should be done according to the recommended writing style. The main body of science papers should contain these sections-a literature review section that interprets all the primary literature, a methodology section that outlines the scientific methods used, and the current research state on the same subject as well as the personal view point held by the author. However, this view must be substantiated with scientific literary or experimental evidence. The main body in science papers is followed by the conclusion section. In this se ction of science papers the writer re-states the problem posed and thereafter explains the research results obtained. A summary of observations made should also be outlined within science papers as well as a brief explanation that states why those specific results were obtained. An explanation of the limitations of the research should also be stated within science papers as well as a suggestion for any further future research along the same subject. Finally, science papers are concluded with a list of references and appendices that may contain maps, graphs, terminologies and any other related information.

Political is that branch of study which deals with the study of political bodies, government and administrative bodies, public policies and systems, policies governing the country and the overall political and administrative structure of a country of the world. The following are the branches of study in the field of political science - International relations Political philosophy Political ideologies and theories Political economics and policies

Today political science stands as one of the major fields of study in the world. Political science has its evolution dated back to the times of evolution of kingdoms. But the modern political science started in the 18th and the 19th century with the evolution of administrative bodies. For example the American political science was started in the early 1900's with the establishment of American Political Science Association (APSA) since then political science has become a discipline of study in which today people are taking up it as a career. The study in political science has gone to an extent that where there are political scientists who are conducting research in political methodologies and policies. Another major change that took place in the field of political science was the period that prevailed after World War 1 but what led this to were the theories that led to such changes like Marx's theory of communism and Hitler's dictatorship etc. These theories and events led to the advancement of political science throughout the 20th century. The branches of political science is classified as the follows- Institutionalism political science Pluralism political science Empirical political science Normative political science Rational choice political science

Institutionalism political science is further divided into historical institutionalism and new institutionalism. Historical institutionalism is a science which deals with the analysis of changes in political behaviors over a period of time whereas new institutional or neo constitutionalism focuses more on the social issues in relation to political issues.

Most experts say that the political science has its root in philosophy which evolved in Greece and this as matter of fact can be justified when the philosophical ideologies match with the way politics should be executed. Politics has come a long way but most of the times it is not practiced the way it is preached or the way it should be. Today politics is become more of personal style of ruling in which the ideals and the whole purpose of politics being neglected. The political systems and bodies that exist today are very contradictory in nature to the way politics should be handled, with increased bureaucracy and corruption the idea behind the science of politics and political system is diminishing. We need to wait and see for how long such unethical methods of politics will prevail - only time can answer that.

Looking to start a career path around data science? Why not get started with Coursera?

We’ve previously highlighted some of the best Coursera courses worth paying for. But if those were too broad for you, have a look at these excellent courses in data science.

What Is Data Science?

Just in case you’re not aware, we’ll briefly describe the field of data science so you have an idea of what these courses involve.

Data science, in a sentence, is a field that uses all sorts of methods to pull insights from data. This enables people to make better decisions.

With the explosion of big data and easier ways to collect data in large quantities than ever before, having data science around to process and make meaningful choices based on it is essential. These courses will introduce you to data science and help you branch out to a specific area that you’re interested in.

1. The Data Scientist’s Toolbox by Johns Hopkins University

The first course in the university’s data science specialization. It serves as an overview of what data scientists do and work with. You’ll learn the basics of how to turn data into information you can take action on, as well as technical tools used in other data science courses like R programming, git, and similar.

You won’t get into the nitty-gritty of data science just yet, but this serves as a valuable foundation for the tools of the trade.

2. Getting and Cleaning Data by Johns Hopkins University

As this course’s description says, before you can work with data, you need some data! Thus, this class focuses on ways to obtain some. You’ll learn how to grab data from the internet, databases, various APIs, and more.

Similarly, you’ll learn the essentials of data cleaning, the process of making your data neat so you can work with it more easily. By keeping your data in good shape, it becomes much easier to work with and more useful.

3. Machine Learning by Stanford

Machine learning, the process of making computers act without explicit programming, is huge today. The progress made in self-driving cars, automated web technologies, and similar fields has been fantastic, and machine learning powers them all.

It’s an important part of data science, making it a great Coursera course to take. You’ll get some practice working with machine learning techniques, how to apply them, and some best practices in the field. Interestingly, this course is taught by Andrew Ng, the co-founder of Coursera.

4. Introduction to Data Science in Python by University of Michigan

Python is a popular programming language for all sorts of purposes, so it’s no surprise to see it used in data science. This course, the first in a five-part Applied Data Science with Python Specialization set from the University of Michigan, looks at the basics of Python and data manipulation.

After this course, you’ll know how to clean and manipulate data in Python. It’s an intermediate-level course, so total newcomers to Python or statistics need not apply.

5. Google Cloud Platform Fundamentals: Core Infrastructure by Google Cloud

Google’s cloud technology is one of the front runners of data science, so why not learn from the best? This course is the first part of Google’s cloud platform specialization, and walks you through the basics of working with the various services. You’ll meet Google App Engine and Google Computer Engine, for starters.

It’s a great overview of the powerful services Google has at its disposal and will help you decide if you want to continue learning about them. Notably, this course has just one week of study, so you can complete it in roughly seven hours.

6. Inferential Statistics by University of Amsterdam

If you don’t have any experience with statistics, you might run into trouble understanding data science. In those cases, this course will provide you with some background on the field.

You’ll learn basic principles for testing specifics, then explore common statistical tests and how to interpret them.

7. Data Science Specialization by Johns Hopkins University

If you’re serious about data science, take a look at Coursera’s data science specialization. This is a nine-course introduction to the discipline, capped off by a real-world project.

Some of the above courses were taken from this specialization, so you can take them individually if you only have a passing interest in the subject. But working through the whole package enables you to learn much more, and you’ll have a valuable certificate upon completion.

This specialization takes about nine months to complete, with five hours of work per week. It’s intended for beginners and doesn’t require any background knowledge other than a basic working knowledge of Python.

Ready to Learn About Data Science?

We’ve highlighted six courses that cover different areas of the data scientist’s toolkit for you to explore on Coursera. If you want to go further, look into the Johns Hopkins specialization for much more on this topic.

Data science is an exciting field, and it will only continue to grow as technology becomes more powerful. Take advantage of Coursera‘s excellent (and affordable) courses now to get your career started!

Read the full article: 7 Certified Data Science Courses to Upgrade Your Job Skills With Coursera

Teachers always want their students to work with the pace of the developing world when they are writing their science papers. However students don't have the experiences and writing skills in order to come up with quality custom science papers. This is because students may be so much engaged in extra curricular activities or generally they have other assignments to do on other courses during their studies. A person who knows how to write an impressive science should have all the writing skills and good organization of ideas. For all kinds of science papers such as science essays, science theses or science dissertations, there are general rules that should be followed to generate good research papers. The science papers have descriptive introductions that suggest the topics of discussion. A good introduction of a science paper should introduce the topic clearly, giving the thesis statement which also important in every term paper since it gives the importance of doing a cer tain research. The organization of ideas and native writing of the writer is seen in the body of the document whereby the arguments are given in an orderly manner. The information of the science paper should be obtained from wide variety of sources whereby the writer should visit all the online available libraries and internet to obtain the latest information. The arguments of the writer should be accompanied by examples or evidences in order to give proofs or support claims. The conclusion which is normally the last paragraph of a custom science paper, should give an overview of the main ideas in the paper and it should be brief and short enough. For college students who are in trouble whenever they want to write academic papers on science, they often go to those companies which produce the best legitimate science papers. The writer of any of these companies should be in a good position to write custom papers in the very shortest time possible to beat the deadline of the pr ofessor. Therefore a quality company of high integrity employs writers who have good academic backgrounds in order to write term papers for them. The writers are efficient enough in the writing such that they can finish the science papers on time to meet the demands of the clients and promote efficiency of the company. The writer should also understand all the writing styles when writing term papers so that he/she can have proper citation and reference page containing details of sources employed according to the standard of writing as required by the instructor of the science paper. Improper use of referencing style leads to plagiarism of science papers whereby the ideas of another person are used in the papers without the writer acknowledging the use of the source. Plagiarism is very delicate issue in term paper writing because if the professor finds out that the document of the student is plagiarized, it leads to failure and sometimes dismissal from studies. The writer the refore must take this critically when writing science papers by having the aspect of originality of writing. In order to achieve its goals, a custom company should offer good services to its customers like producing affordable custom science papers. The company should also make its staff members quality by providing support to the writers e.g. having the editors to assist writers in proof reading science papers.