List of all Linux Commands

Today we talk about Linux command, which you need to know. And we use some OS that based in Linux op.system ( BackTrack, Kali ). So every hacker must know Linux commands. In this post we give you all default command list of any Linux, and edited versions contain this commands. OK must read and try to remember them all, just use that commands and more easy to remember.

A

alias Create an alias 
apropos Search Help manual pages (man -k) 
apt-get Search for and install software packages (Debian/Ubuntu) 
aptitude Search for and install software packages (Debian/Ubuntu) 
aspell Spell Checker 
awk Find and Replace text, database sort/validate/index 

B

basename Strip directory and suffix from filenames 
bash GNU Bourne-Again SHell 
bc Arbitrary precision calculator language 
bg Send to background break Exit from a loop
builtin Run a shell builtin 
bzip2 Compress or decompress named file(s) 

C 

cal Display a calendar 
case Conditionally perform a command 
cat Display the contents of a file 
cd Change Directory 
cfdisk Partition table manipulator for Linux 
chgrp Change group ownership 
chmod Change access permissions 
chown Change file owner and group 
chroot Run a command with a different root directory 
chkconfig System services (runlevel) 
cksum Print CRC checksum and byte counts 
clear Clear terminal screen c
mp Compare two files comm Compare two sorted files line by line 
command Run a command  ignoring shell functions
continue Resume the next iteration of a loop 
cp Copy one or more files to another location 
cron Daemon to execute scheduled commands 
crontab Schedule a command to run at a later time 
csplit Split a file into context-determined pieces 
cut Divide a file into several parts 

D

date Display or change the date & time 
dc Desk Calculator 
dd Convert and copy a file, write disk headers, boot records 
ddrescue Data recovery tool 
declare Declare variables and give them attributes 
df Display free disk space 
diff Display the differences between two files 
diff3 Show differences among three files 
dig DNS lookup 
dir Briefly list directory contents 
dircolors Colour setup for `ls’ 
dirname Convert a full pathname to just a path 
dirs Display list of remembered directories 
dmesg Print kernel & driver messages 
du Estimate file space usage 

E

echo Display message on screen 
egrep Search file(s) for lines that match an extended expression 
eject Eject removable media 
enable Enable and disable builtin shell commands 
env Environment variables 
ethtool Ethernet card settings 
eval Evaluate several commands/arguments 
exec Execute a command 
exit Exit the shell 
expect Automate arbitrary applications accessed over a terminal 
expand Convert tabs to spaces 
export Set an environment variable 
expr Evaluate expressions 

F

false Do nothing, unsuccessfully 
fdformat Low-level format a floppy disk 
fdisk Partition table manipulator for Linux 
fg Send job to foreground 
fgrep Search file(s) for lines that match a fixed string 
file Determine file type 
find Search for files that meet a desired criteria 
fmt Reformat paragraph text 
fold Wrap text to fit a specified width 
for Expand words , and execute commands 
format Format disks or tapes 
free Display memory usage 
fsck File system consistency check and repair 
ftp File Transfer Protocol 
function Define Function Macros 
fuser Identify/kill the process that is accessing a file 

G 

gawk Find and Replace text within file(s) 
getopts Parse positional parameters 
grep Search file(s) for lines that match a given pattern 
groups Print group names a user is in 
gzip Compress or decompress named file(s) 

H

hash Remember the full path name of a name argument 
head Output the first part of file(s) 
help Display help for a built-in command 
history Command History 
hostname Print or set system name 

I

id Print user and group id’s 
if Conditionally perform a command 
ifconfig Configure a network interface 
ifdown Stop a network interface 
ifup Start a network interface up 
import Capture an X server screen and save the image to file 
install Copy files and set attributes 

J

jobs List active jobs
join Join lines on a common field 

K

kill Stop a process from running 
killall Kill processes by name 

L

less Display output one screen at atime 
let Perform arithmetic on shell variables 
ln Make links between files 
local Create variables 
locate Find files 
logname Print current login name 
logout Exit a login shell • 
look Display lines beginning with a given string 
lpc Line printer control program 
lpr Off line print 
lprint Print a file 
lprintd Abort a print job 
lprintq List the print queue 
lprm Remove jobs from the print queue 
ls List information about file(s) 
lsof List open files 

M

make Recompile a group of programs 
man Help manual 
mkdir Create new folder(s) 
mkfifo Make FIFOs (named pipes) 
mmv Mass Move and rename (files) 
mkisofs Create an hybrid ISO9660/JOLIET/HFS filesystem
mknod Make block or character special files 
more Display output one screen at a time 
mount Mount a file system 
mtools Manipulate MS-DOS files 
mtr Network diagnostics (traceroute/ping) 
mv Move or rename files or directories

N

netstat Networking information 
nice Set the priority of a commandor job 
nl Number lines and write files 
nohup Run a command immune to hangups 
Notify-send Send desktop notifications 
nslookup Query Internet name servers interactively 

O

open Open a file in its default application 
op Operator access 

P

passwd Modify a user password 
paste Merge lines of files 
pathchk Check file name portability 
ping Test a network connection 
pkill Stop processes from running 
popd Restore the previous value of the current directory 
pr Prepare files for printing 
printcap Printer capability database 
printenv Print environment variables 
printf Format and print data 
ps Process status 
pushd Save and then change the current directory 
pwd Print Working Directory 

Q

quota Display disk usage and limits 
quotacheck Scan a file system for disk usage 
quotactl Set disk quotas 

R

ram Ram disk device 
rcp Copy files between two machines 
read Read a line from standard input
readarray Read from stdin into anarray variable 
readonly Mark variables/functions as readonly 
reboot Reboot the system 
rename Rename files 
renice Alter priority of running processes 
remsync Synchronize remote filesvia email 
return Exit a shell function 
rev Reverse lines of a file 
rm Remove files 
rmdir Remove folder(s) 
rsync Remote file copy (Synchronize file trees) 

S

screen Multiplex terminal, run remote shells via ssh 
scp Secure copy (remote file copy) 
sdiff Merge two files interactively 
sed Stream Editor 
select Accept keyboard input 
seq Print numeric sequences 
set Manipulate shell variables and functions 
sftp Secure File Transfer Program 
shift Shift positional parameters 
shopt Shell Options 
shutdown Shutdown or restart linux 
sleep Delay for a specified time 
slocate Find files 
sort Sort text files 
source Run commands from a file `.’ 
split Split a file into fixed-size pieces 
ssh Secure Shell client (remote login program) 
strace Trace system calls and signals 
su Substitute user identity 
sudo Execute a command as another user 
sum Print a checksum for a file 
suspend Suspend execution of this shell...
symlink Make a new name for a file 
sync Synchronize data on disk with memory 

T

tail Output the last part of files 
tar Tape ARchiver 
tee Redirect output to multiple files 
test Evaluate a conditional expression 
time Measure Program running time 
times User and system times 
touch Change file timestamps 
top List processes running on the system 
traceroute Trace Route to Host 
trap Run a command when a signal is set(bourne) 
tr Translate, squeeze, and/or delete characters 
true Do nothing, successfully 
tsort Topological sort 
tty Print filename of terminal on stdin 
type Describe a command 

U

ulimit Limit user resources 
umask Users file creation mask 
umount Unmount a device 
unalias Remove an alias
uname Print system information 
unexpand Convert spaces to tabs 
uniq Uniquify files 
units Convert units from one scaleto another 
unset Remove variable or functionnames 
unshar Unpack shell archive scripts 
until Execute commands (until error) 
useradd Create new user account 
usermod Modify user account 
users List users currently logged in 
uuencode Encode a binary file 
uudecode Decode a file created byuuencode 

V

v Verbosely list directory contents (`ls -l -b’) 
vdir Verbosely list directory contents (`ls -l -b’) 
vi Text Editor 
vmstat Report virtual memory statistics 

W

watch Execute/display a program periodically 
wc Print byte, word, and line counts 
whereis Search the user’s $path, man pages and source files for a program 
which Search the user’s $path for a program file 
while Execute commands 
who Print all usernames currently logged in 
whoami Print the current user id and name (`id -un’) 
Wget Retrieve web pages or files via HTTP, HTTPS or FTP 
write Send a message to another user 

X

xargs Execute utility, passing constructed argument list(s) 
xdg-open Open a file or URL in theuser’s preferred application. 

Y

yes Print a string until interrupted