How to Setup AWS EKS Cluster with Worker Node and Management Server

AWS EKS: Amazon Elastic Container Server for Kubernetes (EKS) is a managed service that allows us to run Kubernetes Cluster with needing to stand up or maintain own Kubernetes Control Plane.

Kubernetes is an open source System for automating the deployment, Scaling and management of the containerized application.

Amazon EKS can be integrated with many AWS services.

ELB for Load Balancing
IAM for authentication
Amazon VPC for isolation

Note: It's recommended to use the same user to provision EKS cluster and connect from the management kubectl server.

Step 1: Setup New User and IAM Role:

Before, Provision EKS cluster. We need to set up a user (Programmatic access not console) and one IAM role to provision EKS cluster and required resource on behalf of you. Let's follow the step below to create User and IAM Role.

A- Create Amason EKS Service Roles:

Log on to AWS Console
Go to IAM
Select Roles and choose Create Role
Select AWS Services in Type of trusted entity
Choose EKS

Next: Permissions
Again Next
Add Tag optional
Next
Enter Role Name EKS-Service

Select Create to finish and create the Role.

EKS Service role created successfully

B- Create A policy to grant EKS full access

Log on to AWS Console
Go to IAM
Choose Policies
Create Policy
Choose JSON format and paste these lines:

{
    "Version": "2012-10-17",
    "Statement": [
        {
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Action": [
                "eks:*"
            ],
            "Resource": "*"
        }
    ]
}

Click on Review Policy
Enter Policy Name- EKS_Full_Access

Click on Create

EKS Full Access policy created

C- Create a user:

Log on to AWS Console
Go to IAM
Select User and choose Add User
On next Page Enter User Name
Choose Access Type Programmatic access

Select Next permissions
Choose attach existing policies directly
Select policy as in the screenshot below and Administrator also

Next
Add Tags optional - add a tag if you want
NEXT
Review final selection and Click on Create button to finish.

A User set up successfully. We will use this user to Create EKS Cluster from the AWS CLI and manage our EKS Cluster.

D - Generate Access and Secret Key

In order to Create and manage EKS Cluster, we need to set up AWS CLI so aws-iam-authenticator can communicate with our cluster using AWS CLI credentials profile.

Log on to AWS Console
Go to IAM
Select EKS-User
Select Security credentials TAB
Click on Create access key

Download and keep access & secret key somewhere, We will use these key in AWS CLI configuration in the next step.

Step 2: Create Amazon EKS Cluster VPC:
We need a VPC to provision EKS Cluster and nodes, you can use existing VPC but it's best practice to create a new VPC with subnets and Security Groups. let's follow the Steps below to Create new EKS Cluster VPC.

Log on to AWS Console - https://console.aws.amazon.com/cloudformation/
Go to Cloud formation
Select Create Stack
Choose Specify an Amazon S3 template URL
Add following URL- https://amazon-eks.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/cloudformation/2018-12-10/amazon-eks-vpc-sample.yaml

Click NEXT
Enter Stack Name, VPCBlock, Subnet01Block, Subnet02Block and Subnet03Block.

click Next
Optionally, you can specify Tag, rollback trigger and cloud watch monitoring. or Click Next to leave this section.
Review defined configuration
Click Create to finish and create the EKS Cluster VPC

It may take 5 to 10 minutes. After that VPC will be available. Please note down Subnets and security Group ID. We will use them in AWS CLI to create EKS Cluster.

For Example, see below picture.

Step 3: Setup Management system -

We need a System to create and Manage EKS cluster. We need to install following packages to manage EKS cluster.

AWS CLI
aws-iam-authenticator
Kubecutl
access and secret keys

A- Install AWS CLI:

To install AWS CLI use this URL: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/cli/latest/userguide/cli-chap-install.html

In my case, I am using Ubuntu 18.04. follow the command below to finish the installation.

Check python version

# python --version
Python 3.6.5

if you don't have python installed, do the installation.

Install python-pip

# apt install python-pip

Install awscli

# pip install awscli --upgrade

Make aws command available

# ln -s /usr/local/bin/aws /usr/bin/aws

Verify installation.

# aws --version

aws-cli/1.16.81 Python/2.7.15rc1 Linux/4.15.0-39-generic botocore/1.12.71

AWSCLI installtion completed successfully.

B- Set up aws-iam-authenticator:

Download aws-iam-authenticator

# wget https://amazon-eks.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/1.11.5/2018-12-06/bin/linux/amd64/aws-iam-authenticator

Make aws-iam-authenticator executable

# chmod +x aws-iam-authenticator

Set path for aws-iam-authenticator

#  cp aws-iam-authenticator /usr/bin/

Verify aws-iam-authenticator installation

# aws-iam-authenticator help

C- Setup kubectl:

Kubectl is an important tool to manage Amazon EKS cluster. let's setup kubectl

Download kubectl

# curl -o kubectl https://amazon-eks.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/1.11.5/2018-12-06/bin/linux/amd64/kubectl

Make kubectl executable

# chmod +x kubectl

Set kubectl path

# cp kubectl /usr/bin

Verify kubectl installation

# kubectl version --short --client
Client Version: v1.11.5

All three tools have been set up successfully.

D- Setup AWS CLI access and secret key:
We need to set up AWS CLI access to our AWS account, In order to provision Amazon EKS cluster and managing EKS cluster resource.

Run the following command on your system.

#  aws configure

AWS Access Key ID [****************CRBA]: KTxttt65DFDFDDFDNR6G88
AWS Secret Access Key [****************uiJj]: DkfjdkfjDFDFDFDFJwqpUdR+awgPaPPdkjkijkjkij
Default region name [us-east-1]: us-east-1
Default output format [table]: table

All done, Now management system is ready to provision Amazon EKS cluster.
Step 4: Create an Amazon EKS Cluster:
After setting up all the prerequisites, it's time to create EKS cluster.

Get Role ARN from the AWS console in the IAM section:

Get subnets and Security group ids from cloud formations output

Run the following command to create EKS Cluster:

# aws eks create-cluster --name Cluster_Name --role-arn Enter-Role-ARN_get-from-aws-console_see-first picture-above --resources-vpc-config subnetIds=Enter_all_three_subnets_ID_Get-details-from-cloudformation-stack-VPC-Stack_example-above-2nd-picture,securityGroupIds=Enter-security-gropu-ID_Get-from-CloudFormation-stack-VPC-Stack-above-picture

Once done, your output would be like below:

{
    "cluster": {
        "name": "devel",
        "arn": "arn:aws:eks:us-west-2:111122223333:cluster/EKS-Cluster02",
        "createdAt": 1527785885.159,
        "version": "1.10",
        "roleArn": "arn:aws:iam::111122223333:role/eks-service-role-AWSServiceRoleForAmazonEKS-AFNL4H8HB71F",
        "resourcesVpcConfig": {
            "subnetIds": [
                "subnet-a9189fe2",
                "subnet-50432629"
            ],
            "securityGroupIds": [
                "sg-f5c54184"
            ],
            "vpcId": "vpc-a54041dc"
        },
        "status": "CREATING",
        "certificateAuthority": {}
    }
}

After successful creation of EKS cluster. we can connect our cluster.

Step 5: Configure kubectl for amazon EKS cluster:

We to update kubeconfig file on your management system.

Run the following command to update your EKS cluster details in the kubectl config file

# aws eks update-kubeconfig --name EKS-Cluster02
Added new context arn:aws:eks:us-east-1:55568115433:cluster/EKS-Cluster02 to /home/amar/.kube/config

EKS Cluster added to the kubectl config file.

Verify Cluster Access

# kubectl get svc
NAME           TYPE        CLUSTER-IP   EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)   AGE
kubernetes   ClusterIP   10.100.0.1              443/TCP   23h

Successfully connected to Amazon EKS Cluster

Step 6: Launch and configure EKS Worker nodes:

Now, when EKS VPC and Control plane is ready. We can launch and configure Worker nodes.

Log on to AWS console- https://console.aws.amazon.com/cloudformation.
Go to Cloud Formation
Create Stack
Choose: Specify an Amazon S3 template URL- https://amazon-eks.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/cloudformation/2018-12-10/amazon-eks-nodegroup.yaml

Next
Give Stack name: EKS-Worker-Node
Enter Cluster name, SSH Key and Image ID: ami-0b4eb1d8782fc3aea or you can choose ami id based on your region - https://docs.aws.amazon.com/eks/latest/userguide/getting-started.html

Fill all other details- make sure you enter correct EKS cluster name otherwise worker node can't communicate with Cluster. see details picute below.

Next

Next page is optional you can leave it for now or choose your desire setting.

Review your configuration & Acknowledge

Click on Create to finish and setup worker nods.

Our Worker node created successfully.

Step 7: Join worker Node to Cluster:

Once Worker node's stack ready, we can join them to EKS cluster.

SSH to management System
Get Worker node ARN from Cloud Formation Stack from AWS Console, see picture below

Download Config Map

# curl -O https://amazon-eks.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/cloudformation/2018-12-10/aws-auth-cm.yaml

Update your Worker node's ARN in the aws-auth-cm.yaml file.
Edit the file in your favourite editor and replace yourARN with Red highlighted line.

 apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: aws-auth
  namespace: kube-system
data:
  mapRoles: |
    - rolearn: 
      username: system:node:{{EC2PrivateDNSName}}
      groups:
        - system:bootstrappers
        - system:nodes

Save and exit from the file.
Appy configuration

# kubectl apply -f aws-auth-cm.yaml

Configuration updated Successfully.

Verify Added node.

# kubectl get node

Both the node added successfully.

Finally, We have successfully provision EKS Cluster, Worker Node and A management system to manage the EKS cluster.

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